Understanding Uterine Fibroids: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

What Are Uterine Fibroids?

Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths that form in or on the uterus. Many women develop these growths during their childbearing years. Although fibroids are common, most are harmless. However, some can cause discomfort or other health issues. According to the CDC, up to 80% of women may have fibroids by age 50. Because they often cause no symptoms, many women may not know they have them.

Common Symptoms

Not all women with uterine fibroids have symptoms. Still, some may notice changes in their body. For example, you might experience:

Heavy or long periods

Pain or pressure in the lower belly

Frequent urination

Trouble emptying the bladder

Constipation

Back or leg pain

Sometimes, fibroids can also cause pain during sex or make it hard to get pregnant. If you notice any of these symptoms, it is important to talk to your doctor.

Causes and Risk Factors

Doctors do not know the exact causes of uterine fibroids. However, several factors may increase your risk. For instance, hormones like estrogen and progesterone seem to help fibroids grow. In addition, genetics can play a role. If your mother or sister had fibroids, you may be more likely to get them too. Other risk factors include:

Being between ages 30 and 50

Being overweight

Starting your period at a young age

Eating a lot of red meat

Not eating enough fruits and vegetables

Although these factors may raise your risk, having one or more does not mean you will get fibroids.

Diagnosis Methods

Doctors use several ways to find out if you have uterine fibroids. First, they may ask about your symptoms and health history. Next, a pelvic exam can help check for changes in your uterus. However, imaging tests are often needed for a clear diagnosis. Common methods include:

Ultrasound: This test uses sound waves to create pictures of your uterus.

MRI: This scan gives detailed images to show the size and location of fibroids.

Hysteroscopy: A thin tube with a camera looks inside your uterus.

These tests help your doctor decide the best treatment for you. If you wonder how are uterine fibroids diagnosed, these are the main steps.

Treatment Options

Many women with fibroids do not need treatment if they have no symptoms. However, if fibroids cause problems, several fibroid treatment options are available. Your doctor will suggest the best plan based on your age, symptoms, and plans for pregnancy. Options include:

Medicines: These can help control pain or heavy bleeding.

Non-invasive procedures: Focused ultrasound uses sound waves to shrink fibroids.

Minimally invasive surgery: Procedures like myomectomy remove fibroids but keep the uterus.

Hysterectomy: This surgery removes the uterus and is a permanent solution.

Because each woman is different, your doctor will help you choose the right treatment.

Lifestyle Tips and Prevention

While you cannot always prevent uterine fibroids, healthy habits may lower your risk. For example, you can:

Eat more fruits and vegetables

Maintain a healthy weight

Exercise regularly

Limit red meat

Manage stress

Although these steps do not guarantee prevention, they support your overall health. In addition, regular check-ups can help catch any changes early.

When to See a Doctor

If you experience heavy periods, severe pain, or difficulty getting pregnant, it’s important to see your doctor. Additionally, if you notice sudden changes in your menstrual cycle or experience pelvic pain, don’t wait. Early diagnosis can help you receive the right care. Remember, only a doctor can confirm if you have uterine fibroids and suggest the most appropriate treatment.

For personalized advice about uterine fibroids, consult a gynecologist at Srijan Eye & Mother Care. Early care can significantly improve your health and comfort.